Improvement in permutation-padlocks



.1'. M. wlLLBu-RV. Permutatiun Pad-Locks'.

Patented Now-24,1874.

Zbl/@Joes UNITED STATES- PATENT Orrrcn.A

JAMES M. WILLB'UR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVMENT IN PERMUTATlON-PADLOCKS;

Specitication forming part of Letters Patent No. 157,258, dated November24, 1874; application filed April 25, 1.874.

To all whom t may concern Be itknown that I, J AMES M. VILLBUR, of thecity, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Permutation Padlocks; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full and exact description of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings forming part of thisspecification, in which- Figure l is a side elevation of my improvedlock. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section with a portion of the mechanismremoved. Fig. 3 is a similar section of the entire lock, showing it in aposition to release the bow. Fig. 4. is a transverse section throughline m fr, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an end view 'of one of the ianged collarsdetached. Fig. 6 is a transverse section, showing the parts locked 5 andFig. 7, a View of one of the end ratchet plates or disks.

Similar letters of reference in the accompanying` drawings denote thesame parts.

This invention has for its object to provide a permutation-padlock whichshall be capable of being locked on a single combination, or on a greatvariety of combinations, and which shall give an alarm by an inclosedbell or gong whenever an attempt is made to unlock it.

To these ends my invention consists in the improvements inpermutation-padlocks, which I will now proceed to describe and point outin the claims.

In the drawings, A A represent sockets or projections on the ends orheads of the padlock, which receive the pivoted and swinging ends of thebow B, the latter being pivoted to the socket A, as shown. The heads CC',

to which the sockets A A are attached, are made hollow, for the purposeof receiving bells or gongs D D', which will be further alluded tohereinafter. To the inner side of the head C is attached a tubular rodor sleeve, E, which extends to the head C', and abuts against the latterwhen the bow is locked, as shown in Fig. 2. The head C is attached to arod, F, which enters the sleeve E and extends to the head C when in theposition shown in Fig. 2. The rod F has lateral pins Gr, which projectinto slots H in the sleeve E, as shown' in Figs. 3 and 4. The rod F is,therefore, adapted to move longitudinally in the sleeve E, its playbeing limited by the slots H and pins G,

' lt will thus be seen that the head C is capable of, being moved towardor away from the head O, thereby locking or unlocking the bow B, 'thelatter having a recess, I, in its swinging end, with which engages ashoulder, J, on the socket A', when the latter is moved inward, as shownin Figs. l and 2. By moving the head C' in the opposite direction theshoulder J is withdrawn from the recess I and the bow is released, asshown in Fig. 3.

I have thus far described simply the operation of the sliding head inlocking or unlocking the padlock without reference to the means employedfor holding or locking the same in the position in which it engages withand locks the bow. This is accomplished as follows: A series of angedcollars, L, are arranged on the sleeve E, said collars having orifices Min the center andfltting on the sleeve, asshown in Fig. 3. The collarsare provided with a ilange, N, of such width that when they are placedin juxtaposition on the sleeve, a space or annular chamber, O, is formedbetween each collar of the same width as the thickness of the collars.Each is also provided on the lower side with a slot or recess, l?,opening into the orifice M, and ion the periphery near the upper sidewith a radially-projecting stud or pin, R. The rod F of the sliding headC is provided on its lower side with a series of rectangularprojections, S, corresponding in number to the collars L, and projectingthrough a slot, E', in the lower side of the sleeve E, said slotextending the entire length of the latter. The projections S have spacesS between them, said spaces being slightly wider than the thickness ofthe langed collars L. The slots P are adapted to pass over theprojections S in placing the collars L on the sleeve E. T represents aseries of rings inclosin g the anged collars L, the rings being of aboutthe same thickness of the collars and flanges.

The interior diameter of the rings T is such j as to fit easily over thecollars L, and is provided with a seriesof radial recesses, U, prefladapted to receive the projections R of the collars L. V represents aseries of orifices near. the periphery of the rings T, the number ofsaid orices being the same as that of the recesses U.

In putting the parts together, the flanged collars L are first appliedto the sleeve, their recesses P passing freely over the projections S ofthe rod F. The rings T are nextlput in place, each ring covering one ofthe flanged collars L, and being engaged with it by the stud or pin R ofthe latter entering one of the recesses of the former, the two beingthus adapted to turn together independently of the rest.

The rings are provided on their peripheries with any desired arrangementof letters and numerals, and with milled projections to facilitate theirturning. In adjusting the rings, the combination in which the lock is tobe operated is previously determined. Supposing the combination to bethe numerals l 2 3 et 5 6, the rst ring is placed on its collar with itsnumeral l in line with suitable marks on the heads C C', the second withits numeral 2 in line with the numeral l of the first, and so on throughthe whole series. The letters and numerals on the periphery of each ringcorrespond in number to the internal recesses U, and each character ison a radial line with a recess. The pins R are arranged in line witheach. other, and with the marks on the heads U C', when the collars arefirst applied, and constitute guides for the rings T, each ring beingapplied with the character on its periphery, which enters into thecombination over the stud or pin of the corresponding collar, so that,when the rings are all in place, the characters forming the combinationare in line with each other and the marks on the heads. The head G' isthen screwed on, and pushed inward, so as to engage its shoulder J withthe recess I of the bow. When in the latter position, the projections Sof the rod F are in the annular chambers or spaces O of the collars L,said projections having been up tofthis time in line with the recessesP. The rings and collars are now turned, so as to throw the recesses P,or any one of them, out of line with the projections S, as shown in Fig.6, and the whole arrangement is locked, the projections preventing anylongitudinal movement of the collars on the sleeve.

I have shown six rings and collars between the heads C C', each ringhaving twenty characters on its periphery, and twenty internal recesses,and being adapted to be locked in twenty different positions. Each ringand collar turns independently of the rest, and it will be readily seenthat a great variety of combinations can be made. If it is desired,however, to confine the lock to a single combination, I provide aunison-rod, W, which is inserted into a line of the orifices V of therings T, and extends through the whole series, as shown in dotted linesin Fig. 3, connecting them, so that they will all revolve together,their slots P being in line when the rings are thus united.

This device I propose to employ for a nightlock, as it adapts the lockto be opened by turning the rings until the slots P are in line with theprojections S, therebyT greatly simplifyin g the operation.

The rings and collars heretofore described are located between twodisks, X X', at opposite ends of the sleeve, the whole being con` Vfinedon the sleeve by a nut, Z, screwed onto the outer end of the sleeve, asshown in Fig. 3, the inner end of the sleeve being provided with ashoulder, a, which fits into the recess O of the first collar L. By thismeans the rings and collars can be tightened, so as to prevent them fromturning too readily when the lock is open, and to take up the wear ofthe proximate edges. The sliding head C' has a recess, b, which fitsover the nut Z when the lock is closed, as shown in Fig. 2.

The disks X X' are provided on their outer sides Withrecessedratchet-teeth c, and each has on its inner side a stud or pin, d, whichengages with one of the orifices V of the adjacent ring T, as shown indotted lines in Fig. 3, the disks being thereby adapted to rotate withthe rings.

As before mentioned, the heads C C' are hollow, and contain gongs orbells D D', which are suitably secured therein, as shown inFigs. 2 and3. c c' represent sprin g-hammers, attached to suitable supports withinthe heads C C', and projecting through slots in the inner faces of theheads, the outer or spring ends of said hammers entering the recessedsides of the disks X X', and being acted on by the ratchetteeth c, insuch manner as to be depressed by each tooth when its disk is rotated,each depression being followed by a release, which causes the hammer tostrike the bell. Neither disk can be turned over one-sixth of arevolution, therefore, without striking one of the bells; hence noattempt can be made to open the lock without giving an alarm. The headsU C' are perforated, so as to render the bells audible. The disks X X'have a suitable number of orifices, V, for effecting their unison withthe rings T by the rod W, when desired, and may be provided with studsor pins in place of the recessed ratchet-teeth shown.

The construction of the lock is such as to combine strength withsimplicity.

It will be noticed that the flanges N of each collar L has a shoulder,which fits over an annular recess on the proximate face of the nextcollar, the whole series being thus supported, the inner one bearing onthe shoulder a. of the sleeve E.

The sliding head C' is strengthened against lateral displacement, andprevented from longitudinal displacement, when the lock is open, by thenut Z and pins G, the former entering the recess b, and the latterbearing against the ends of the slot H.

By the use of the unison-rod W, the rings are set with their slots inline, as above stated; consequently both bells are rung when thecombination on which they are arranged comes in line with the marks onthe heads, thereby indicating when the lock is in position to be opened.

The rod F is screwed to a suitable socket in the sliding head C', asshown, the latter being thus adapted to be removed for the purpose ofaltering the combinationor ececting repairs Without the use of a wrench.

I claim as my invention- 1. The head G, having the 'sleeve E, pro-vvided With slotsH and nut Z, in combination with head C', having therecess b, and rod F, provided with pins G, substantially as described,'or the purpose specified.

2. The head C, having the sleeve E, collar a, and nut Z, in combinationwith the disks or washers X X', rings T, and lianged collars L,substantially as described, for the purpose specied.

3. The rings T, having orices V, and adapted to be connected by aunison-rod, W, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A permutation padlock having hollouT heads or ends inclosing bells orgongs, the latter being adapted to be rung by the operation of thelocking devices interposed between the heads, substantially asdescribed, for the purpose specified.

5. The disks X X', having teeth or studs c and pins d, in combinationwith the rings 'l and spring-hammers e e', substantially as described,for the purpose specified.

. J. M. WILLBUR. Witnesses:

MELVILLH CHURCH,

NATHAN K. ELLsWoRTH.

